• br Results br Discussion CCA is

  2019-12-03

  

  Results Discussion CCA is a fatal tumor originating from the intrahepatic bile duct and the prognosis is very poor (Hoyos et al., 2018). CCA is one of the most dangerous primary liver malignant tumors and the most common malignant tumor of the biliary tract worldwide. However, the underlying m

• br Author Contributions Statement br

  2019-12-03

  

  Author Contributions Statement Conflicts of interest Acknowledgments We thank T. Ishii, H. Inaba, and S. Nakamura (Department of Cell Biology, TMDU) for kindly gifting BACCS and technical assistance; S. Kaneko, Y. Ishida, and R. Usumi (Department of Orthodontic Science, TMDU) for experiment

• A potential weakness of the present study

  2019-12-03

  

  A potential weakness of the present study is that it involved population controls rather than family controls, which are a better way of controlling the effects of population stratification (e.g. ethnic group differences in allele frequencies). On the other hand, general population samples do have t

• br Introduction Addiction to opioids such as morphine

  2019-12-03

  

  Introduction Addiction to opioids such as morphine is a chronic disorder that affects the mesocorticolimbic dopaminergic pathway in the brain. Activation of the pathway ultimately leads to dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) (Di Chiara et al., 1998) and stimulation of dopamine recepto

• It is of interest to

  2019-12-03

  

  It is of interest to consider an explanation for the apparent phosphorylation of hSSB1 in undamaged cells. One such may be that in order to execute a rapid response to replication inhibition, basal S134 phosphorylation could function to keep hSSB1 in a ‘primed’ state prior to stress. Such an arrange

• neutrophil elastase inhibitor In the past few years DNA temp

  2019-12-03

  

  In the past few years, DNA-templated fluorescent metal nanoparticles have been developed as ideal alternatives to organic dyes due to their facile synthetic process, outstanding optical properties, ultrafine size, and fine biological compatibility. Since the first successful demonstration of DNA-tem

• Studies of LRRK tagged with

  2019-12-03

  

  Studies of LRRK2 tagged with green fluorescent protein revealed the presence of monomeric LRRK2 in the AP1903 of living cells, while LRRK2 oligomers were found in the proximity of the plasma membrane, suggesting that both oligomerization status and compartmentalization of LRRK2 defines its function

• br Deregulation of CDK Many neurotoxic or

  2019-12-03

  

  Deregulation of CDK5 Many neurotoxic or stress conditions like ischemic Cy7 NHS ester damage, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunctions, excitotoxicity, Aβ exposure lead to disruption of the tight regulation of Cdk5 (De Strooper et al., 2010). Calpain-mediated cleavage of p35 to p25 is activat

• Western blotting Western blotting was performed following th

  2019-12-03

  

  Western blotting: Western blotting was performed following the standard protocol as previously described [16]. All the images were collected using the Odyssey Fc imaging system (Li-COR Biosciences). In vitro kinase assays were performed on ∼1 μg of purified CDK5/p35 complex in 30 μL of kinase buffe

• CRF and urocortin I are not only readily

  2019-12-03

  

  CRF and urocortin I are not only readily found throughout the spinal cord (Korosi et al., 2007), CRF analogs are clearly able to alter nociceptive signals (Imbe et al., 2010; Lariviere and Melzack, 2000). However, it was unclear whether they are released endogenously and involved in the spinal modul

• In this study we further investigated the involvement

  2019-12-03

  

  In this study, we further investigated the involvement of CRF1 and CRF2 receptors of the dPAG in the regulation of panic-related responses. For this, we used two animal models that associate escape behavior with panic attacks: the elevated T maze and the electrical stimulation of the dPAG (for a ful

• In addition to cleaving ubiquitins off modified proteins DUB

  2019-12-02

  

  In addition to cleaving ubiquitins off modified proteins, DUBs can also cleave between ubiquitin moieties within a polyubiquitin chain to edit the ubiquitin signal. DUBs employ different strategies to recognize polyubiquitin (Figure 1). DUBs that rely only on interactions on the S1 site tend to be C

• Long stretches of ssDNA have also been

  2019-12-02

  

  Long stretches of ssDNA have also been observed in rad53-1 mutant angiogenic under replication stress using EM images (Sogo et al., 2002). Deletion of EXO1, a 5′-to-3′ exonuclease, can suppress the generation of ssDNA detected in rad53-1 mutant cells (Cotta-Ramusino et al., 2005). It was thus propo

• br Application of the screening system for ITP binding prote

  2019-12-02

  

  Application of the screening system for ITP-binding proteins Inosine is a nucleoside with hypoxanthine as a base. Inosine nucleotides are relatively abundant in human bimatoprost because inosine monophosphate (IMP) is a general precursor molecule for the de novo synthesis of AMP and GMP or a pro

• The field of synthetic cytokine biology continues to

  2019-12-02

  

  The field of synthetic cytokine biology continues to grow through molecular, physiological and pathophysiological insights, as well as via new methodical advances. The approval of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell immunotherapy by the US Food and Drug administration (FDA) in August 2017 for rel

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