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We can think of two
2019-10-15
We can think of two ways in which collagen binding could activate DDR (Figure 8). A single collagen triple helix could interact with both DS domains in the DDR dimer (“composite binding site”) and thereby activate the receptor, similar to the situation exemplified by the growth hormone-growth hormon
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The chemical structures of I
2019-10-15
The chemical structures of I3C, 3MOI, and 3MI and the (-)-Quinpirole hydrochloride responsible for 3MI metabolism in rainbow trout and carp are shown in Fig. 4. Discussion To determine the individual CYP450 isoforms involved in 3MI metabolism, we used specific inhibitors for CYP1A, CYP3A and CY
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The nucleus accumbens is a
2019-10-14
The nucleus accumbens is a critical locus for ER/mGluR signaling in the context of addiction ER/mGluR signaling is regulated by caveolin proteins and palmitoylation Because of the vast implications of ER/mGluR association, it is important to understand what regulates their interaction. Such regu
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Generally glycines and other small residues such as
2019-10-14
Generally, glycines (and other small residues such as alanine) present in a helical GxxxG-motif that are facing the same side of the helix form a uniform surface that enables direct contact with a second helix. Crystal structures of multipass membrane proteins have demonstrated that GxxxG-motifs are
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PD 0325901 The efficacy of A in the ob
2019-10-14
The efficacy of A-922500 in the ob/ob mouse model is of particular interest for two reasons. One of the most striking features of the DGAT-1 deficient mouse phenotype is the resistance to diet-induced obesity (Smith et al., 2000). However, PD 0325901 of DGAT-1 in leptin deficient ob/ob mice failed
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Taken together our results demonstrate that the changes of
2019-10-14
Taken together, our results demonstrate that the changes of striatal dopamine release and locomotor activity observed following chronic nicotine treatment and consequent acute withdrawal are mediated by CRF1, but not CRF2. Previous studies have already indicated that blocking CRF1 would prevent some
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glucocorticoid receptors Upon further evaluation of the phag
2019-10-14
Upon further evaluation of the phage obtained from phage display, we compared the capture of each of the 4th round phage to a phage possessing the wild-type arylsulfatase A sequence (LCTPSR) using ELISA. Each phage was equivalently exposed to FGE and to the beads for capture; however, we found that
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It has been reported that
2019-10-14
It has been reported that the ECD of DDRs require dimerization and/or oligomerization for binding to collagen.,, Here, we have established using SPR that antibody-mediated oligomerization of DDR2-Fc significantly enhances its binding to immobilized collagen type 1. Our results are consistent with ea
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Mdivi 1 mass HOIP s ability to build linear
2019-10-14
HOIP\'s ability to build linear Ub chains arises from a unique domain that follows directly after the RING2 domain, the linear ubiquitin chain-determining domain (LDD) (Fig. 1). Structures have revealed that the LDD is structurally integrated into RING2, creating a single RING2–LDD unit (Fig. 2D) [4
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In normal cells the apoptotic stimuli lower the expression
2019-10-14
In normal cells, the apoptotic stimuli lower the expression level of antiapoptotic proteins by increasing turnover rate and preventing the constant degradation of proapoptotic proteins. Thus, the dysregulation of anti-/pro-apoptotic proteins will confer the survival of cancer AICAR phosphate via en
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Structural homology modelling Intensive Phyre modelling was
2019-10-14
Structural homology modelling. Intensive Phyre2 modelling [44] was performed using the primary amino INF39 and sequence of A1S_0222 as input to generate an atomistic 3D-homology model of A1S_0222. The fit to the SAXS data of the homology model as well as the fit to the data of the E. coli adenine-N
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vlx 600 MTX and MTXPGs block the activity of the key enzyme
2019-10-14
MTX and MTXPGs block the activity of the key enzyme DHFR (Fig. 1), which converts folates to their active forms – dihydrofolate (DHF) and tetrahydrofolate (THF). MTXPGs also potently inhibit thymidylate synthase (TS). Furthermore, during dTMP synthesis, TS utilizes the cofactor 5,10-methylene THF, w
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br P Y receptor structure br Pharmacology Several subtype se
2019-10-14
P2Y receptor structure Pharmacology Several subtype selective compounds have been developed in recent years (Jacobson and Müller, 2016; Rafehi and Müller, 2018). These compounds are helpful tools for analyzing the roles of P2Y receptor subtypes in physiology and pathophysiology. The present ar
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Circulating NK subsets also show considerable differences in
2019-10-12
Circulating NK subsets also show considerable differences in homing molecules. CD56bright 3\'-O-(2-nitrobenzyl)-2\'-dATP and express the chemokine receptor CCR7 and L-selectin, which drive their migration to secondary lymphoid organs (Fehniger et al., 2003). In contrast, CD56dim display a high dens
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The intricate roles and neural
2019-10-12
The intricate roles and neural systems and mechanisms involved in the CRF1 and CRF2 mediation of spontaneous and stress-induced anxiety behavior remain to be defined. Of particular relevance are studies evaluating the behavioral actions of CRF1 and CRF2 receptors separately as well as together. For
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