• An increased sympathetic tone and the hormone glucagon are t

  2022-04-18

  

  An increased sympathetic tone and the hormone glucagon are the main glucose mobilizing factors [28], [29]. Single-cell transcriptome analysis of human islet cells suggests the expression of Ffar1 not only in β-cells but also in α-cells [30]. Moreover, analysis of rat α-cells indicates that FFAR1 exp

• At this point it needs however to

  2022-04-18

  

  At this point it needs, however, to be mentioned that most in vivo studies regarding the herein discussed nuclear receptors were performed in rodents, especially in mice. Due to the significant differences in metabolism in mice and humans, not all results are translatable between these species and h

• price scd Recently accumulated evidence has revealed a close

  2022-04-18

  

  Recently, accumulated evidence has revealed a close link of FXR to gluconeogenesis. For example, activation of FXR by its agonist GW4064 improved hyperglycemia in db/db mice by repressing gluconeogenesis [15], and FXR agonist CDCA decreased transactivation activity of key gluconeogenic genes by indu

• uPAR another newly discovered ligand has implicated

  2022-04-18

  

  uPAR, another newly discovered ligand, has implicated FPRL1 as a potential link between the fibrinolytic cascade and inflammation. uPA is a serine protease best known for its ability to regulate fibrinolysis and for its importance in tissue remodeling and tumor invasion [49]. However, uPA also induc

• Although our knowledge of how FAs

  2022-04-18

  

  Although our knowledge of how FAs affect GLP-1-producing L-cells is sparse and incomplete, increased intracellular ceramide [6], ER stress [12], and increased production of ROS [9] are indicated mediators of the lipotoxicity induced by SFA (16:0). However, the role for/interaction between these medi

• br Application of TIRFM to visualizing exocytosis TIRFM

  2022-04-16

  

  Application of TIRFM to visualizing exocytosis TIRFM was first used to visualize exocytosis from large secretory granules from chromaffin fruquintinib (Steyer et al., 1997). Before that, visualization of secretory organelle was strictly limited to a few exceptions, such as mast cell of mutant mi

• The present study was designed to clarify the

  2022-04-16

  

  The present study was designed to clarify the distribution and the function of the endothelin receptors in the guinea-pig urinary bladder. We found that endothelin-1 produced a clear tonic contraction via both Cyclosporin D receptor subtypes, the endothelin ETA and ETB receptor, and that sarafotoxi

• Drosophila is a well established model to investigate the

  2022-04-16

  

  Drosophila is a well-established model to investigate the molecular and cellular defects underlying human neurodevelopmental disorders (Oortveld et al., 2013, van der Voet et al., 2014). Here, we establish Drosophila as a model for understanding the mechanisms linking mutations in KDM5 family protei

• Based on the aforementioned findings variations

  2022-04-16

  

  Based on the aforementioned findings, variations of the imidazole heterocycle present in the endogenous ligand histamine (1) led to 2-(thiazol-2-yl)ethanamine (2-TEA, 2) and later to 2-(3-bromophenyl)histamine or 2-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)histamine (3) (Fig. 3). Interestingly, 2-TEA demonstrated

• Histamine H and H receptors are considered as low affinity

  2022-04-16

  

  Histamine H1 and H2 receptors are considered as low affinity receptors (pKi of 4.2 and 4.3 respectively), whereas histamine H3 and H4 receptors as a high affinity receptors (pKi of 8 and 8.2 respectively) (Schreeb et al., 2013). Therefore it might well be that other histamine receptors might be invo

• Recent studies in our laboratory demonstrated that

  2022-04-16

  

  Recent studies in our laboratory demonstrated that several histamine H1 receptor antagonists induce apo A-I gene expression while histamine itself represses it [20]. In humans, there are three histamine receptor genes (H1, H2, and H3) that code for G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR's) which bind his

• Several mechanisms have been suggested

  2022-04-16

  

  Several mechanisms have been suggested to underline the release of signalling molecules from astrocytes: reverse operation of glutamate transporters, volume-regulated anion channels, gap-junctional hemi channels, diffusional release through purinergic receptors and Ca2+-dependent exocytosis [2], [15

• According to previous methods several

  2022-04-16

  

  According to previous methods, several mobile phase compositions and gradient programmes were assayed to get the best resolved peaks for HA and MHA [12], [13], [24]. Considering the slightly structural differences of the analytes, a mobile phase consisting in two eluents of different polarity and pH

• GSK has also been used as

  2022-04-16

  

  GSK-189254 has also been used as PET radiotracer (in the form of [11C]-GSK-189254, also used as [11C]-AZ12807110 by Jucaite et al. (Jucaite et al., 2013)) to assess H3R occupancy (Ashworth et al., 2010), and is currently used in an image-based phase I clinical trial study for investigating GSK-23951

• br Conclusion The hub gene KIBRA and the Hippo signaling

  2022-04-16

  

  Conclusion The hub gene KIBRA and the Hippo signaling pathway were downregulated and miR-21 was upregulated in LAD. MiR-21 promoted the viability and mobility of LAD cells, reduced apoptosis and suppressed the Hippo signaling pathway in LAD through targeting KIBRA. Funding The study was appro

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