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More recently several groups have characterized a role
2022-07-12

More recently, several groups have characterized a role for GPR120 signaling via omega-3 fatty acids in amelioration of alcoholic hepatic injury and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) [18], [19]. Nakamoto et al. demonstrated protective effects of the omega-3 fatty Poziotinib docosahexaenoic
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After initial validation of the ability of Ad Cre virus
2022-07-11

After initial validation of the ability of Ad5-Cre virus to express Cre recombinase protein in glial cells in vitro and in vivo, we employed this virus to induce site-specific deletion of our target GlyT1 in the thalamus, through injection of the cKO GlyT1 mice. This transgenic line was constructed
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Among the various delivery strategies in the
2022-07-11

Among the various delivery strategies in the field of nano-DDS, developing smart targeted nanocarriers has long been a research focus for pharmaceutical scientists11., 12.. The ideal drug delivery outcome must be precisely delivering the therapeutic agents to their sites of action, especially for an
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Glucose uptake a critical metabolic control
2022-07-11

Glucose uptake, a critical metabolic control point in glycolysis, is mediated by the GLUT (SLC2) family of integral membrane transporters (Mueckler and Thorens, 2013). GLUT1 (SLC2A1), one of the most well-studied members of the SLC2 family, exhibits a wide tissue distribution; cell surface expressio
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A number of anti diabetic drugs
2022-07-11

A number of anti-diabetic drugs are available that inhibit α-glucosidase activity, including acarbose, voglibose and miglitol [6,7]. These inhibitors, however, also exhibit undesirable side effects, such as adverse gastrointestinal symptoms and liver toxicity [8,9]. For diabetics, it would therefore
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It is increasingly argued that the immunosuppressive effects
2022-07-11

It is increasingly argued that the immunosuppressive effects of GCs are conferred indirectly by GR through the activation of genes encoding proteins that inhibit 4a 5 2 3.25 a australia of proinflammatory genes 86, 87, 88. Genomic studies offer another mechanism compatible with the idea that GC-med
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Although encoded by a single gene
2022-07-11

Although encoded by a single gene, GR displays considerable heterogeneity through the combined effects of alternative mRNA splicing, alternative translation initiation, and complex post-translational modification. Differential expression of the various GR isoforms may contribute to tissue-specific f
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br Acknowledgements br Introduction Glucagon a amino
2022-07-11

Acknowledgements Introduction Glucagon, a 29-amino NVP-LCQ195 peptide, is released from the pancreatic islets, intestine and stomach. Glucagon is released under hypoglycemic conditions and then elevates blood glucose levels, serving as a major counter hormone [1]. The regulation of glucose met
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Different responses in feed intake have been
2022-07-11

Different responses in feed intake have been noticed following administration of exogenous GHRL (peripherally or centrally) depending on animal species. In mammals, injection of GHRL stimulates food intake (orexigenic effect) (reviewed in Kaiya et al., 2013b). In contrast, in domestic birds, exogeno
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br Materials and methods br Results Unitary currents of
2022-07-11

Materials and methods Results Unitary currents of Gardos AG-120 were identified by their conductance value, inward rectification, voltage independence of open probability, kinetics and Ca2+-sensitivity, all features which have been described elsewhere [8], [13], [20], [23], [24], [25], [26].
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br Regulation of plasma ghrelin concentration As described
2022-07-11

Regulation of plasma ghrelin concentration As described above, ghrelin is primarily produced in the stomach and secreted into the blood stream. Plasma ghrelin does not significantly differ between chronic heart failure (CHF) patients and controls, although plasma ghrelin level is significantly hi
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Regulation of Gja involves a member
2022-07-11

Regulation of Gja4 involves a member of the wingless-type MMTV integration site family, WNT4. Mice deficient in Wnt4 had reduced (30%) expression of GJA1 compared to WT mice [40]. It is thought that WNT signaling regulates GJA1 expression and GJIC in granulosa debio by modulating beta-catenin stabi
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2-Deoxycytidine However protection against kainic acid induc
2022-07-11

However, protection against kainic acid-induced injury was not found by Lin et al. (2003) in the rats with AAV-GAL vector-mediated galanin overexpression, even though these animals, as mentioned earlier, exhibited attenuated of seizure severity. Although the reason for the controversy between the st
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br Molecular aberrations in the FGFR signaling pathway
2022-07-11

Molecular aberrations in the FGFR signaling pathway Non–small cell lung cancer Small cell lung cancer Integrated TAK-901 analysis revealed focal amplification of FGFR1 in 6% of SCLC cases. In another study with PD173074, Pardo et al. used two human SCLC xenograft models, H-510 and H-69, an
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br FAAH mediation of fear
2022-07-11

FAAH mediation of fear and extinction In addition to being a major target and modulator of stress, the BLA is a critical node within the neural circuitry subserving learned fear behaviors. The BLA is activated during the formation, expression, and extinction of conditioned fear memories, and dama
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